Reviews of calculations of Ultrasound physics

•     Frequency

                       frequency = Propagation speed (c)/wavelength,      

•    Period

                       Period = 1/ frequency

•    Wavelength

                       wavelength = propagation speed/frequency

•  Propagation speed 

                     Propagation speed = wavelength * frequency

•  Pulse Repetition Period

                    Pulse repetition period =  1/Pulse repetition frequency

• Duty Factor

                   duty factor =  Pulse duration/Pulse repetition period

                   duty factor = pulse duration * Pulse repetition frequency/1000

• Spatial Pulse Length

                  Spatial pulse length = wavelength * number of cycles in a pulse

• Power

                 Power = amplitude squared

• Intensity

                intensity = Power/ area

• Decibels

                decibels = 10* log( finanal intensity/initial intensity)

• Half Intensity Depth

                half-intensity depth = 3/attenuation coefficient     or =6/frequency

• Attenuation coefficient

                attenuation coefficient = frequency/2

• Attenuation 

               attenuation = distance * attenuation coefficient

• Acoustic impedance

              Acoustic impedance = density * propagation speed

• Distance to the reflector

              distance of the reflector = 0.77 * pulse round-trip time  or = pulse round-trip time/13

              

              total traveling distance = 2 * distance of the reflector

• Frequency of active element

              frequency =  Propagation speed / 2* thickness

• Axial Resolution

             Axial resolution = Spatial pulse length (SPL)/ 2

•  Q factor

              q factor =  frequency/ bandwidth